剪纸熏画
Paper Cuttings smoked painting
剪纸, 古老手艺遇见今日创意, 每一剪都是时光的低语, 每一纸都是文化的传承
每一刀细致的剪裁, 都是匠心的独运；每一张剪纸的呈现, 都是美学的盛宴
它不仅是纸上艺术, 更是心灵寄托, 诉说别样故事
一抹红,一把剪,舞动历史的风华,剪绘民俗的韵味,剪纸,艺术之瑰宝
每一剪,每一刻,都藏着故事,诉说着往昔,绽放艺术之美
剪纸艺术, 如梦幻花园, 绽放无限可能
剪纸之美, 不在静候时光, 而在巧手舞动
匠心独运,剪纸之美,
剪纸如诗,你手中绽放。
Paper Cuttings, an ancient craft, meets today's creativity. Every cut is a whisper of time, and every piece of paper is a cultural heritage.
Every meticulous cut is a result of ingenuity and ingenuity;
Every presentation of Paper Cuttings is an aesthetic feast.
It is not only art on paper but also a spiritual sustenance, telling a different story.
A touch of red, a pair of scissors, dancing the charm of history, cutting and painting the charm of folk customs, Paper Cuttings, a treasure of art.
Every cut, every moment, hides a story, tells the past, and blooms with the beauty of art.
Paper Cuttings art, like a dream garden, blooms with infinite possibilities.
The beauty of Paper Cuttings is not waiting for time but dancing with skillful hands.
Unique craftsmanship, the beauty of Paper Cuttings.
Paper Cuttings are like a poem, blooming in your hands.
简介
Brief introduction
薰画兼具剪纸和版画的艺术效果，
古朴浑厚，结构严谨，
手法简炼，主次分明，
虚实相映，形象夸张，
主题鲜明，是中国民间艺苑的一株奇葩。
它与富县剪纸珠联璧合，
为富县赢得“中国民间艺术之乡”的美名。
逢年过节，当地妇女聚在一起，
画的画，剪的剪，薰的薰，
家家户户的炕头、墙壁、碗架等处贴了薰画，
五彩纷呈，美不胜收。
The smoked painting has the artistic effect of Paper Cuttings and printmaking,
Ancient and profound, with a rigorous structure,
The technique is concise, with clear priorities,
The contrast between reality and illusion, exaggerated imagery,
It is a unique flower of Chinese folk art with a distinct theme.
It is in perfect harmony with Fuxian Paper Cuttings,
Winning the "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art" title for Fu County.
During festivals and holidays, local women gather together,
Painting by drawing, cutting by cutting, smoking by smoking,
Every household has posted incense paintings on the kang, walls, bowl racks, and other places,
Colorful and colorful, beautiful beyond measure.
起源与发展
origin and development
起源：
剪纸熏画来源于剪纸熏样，
是旧时民间保存剪纸花样的一种方法。
熏样历史悠久，
至少在明代以前就已出现，
熏画大约出现于清代。
发展：
从熏样到熏画，
完成了从实用品到艺术品的过渡。
随着时代变迁，
现代复印技术的发展使熏样技术
逐渐退出历史舞台，
剪纸熏画也面临传承困境。
Origin:
Paper Cuttings fumigation comes from Paper Cuttings fumigation,
It is a way of preserving Paper Cuttings patterns in the old folk.
Smoked samples have a long history,
At least before the Ming Dynasty, it had already appeared,
Xun painting appeared around the Qing Dynasty.
Development:
From sample to painting,
The transition from practical items to artworks has been completed.
With the changing times,
The development of modern photocopying technology has led to the development of sample smoking technology.
Gradually withdrawing from the historical stage,
Paper Cuttings and smoked paintings are also facing inheritance difficulties.
艺术内容
artistic content
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富县农家，传统的家庭摆设较简单，
碗架是最庞大的摆设物，
分上、中、下三层，
上层摆瓦盆什物、中层摆瓦罐盛米面，
下层放水缸、腌莱瓮。
每逢年节喜事都要制做一套全新碗架薰画，
俗称碗架云子来布置碗架遮挡
灰尘的美化装饰作用，
两边再贴上对子花，
即增色、又对称又好看。
薰画是在传统碗架云子的基础上形成的，
是民间剪纸派生艺术品。
是富县劳动妇女们在长期的生活实践中，
结合艺人的审美要求创造出来的，
它和剪纸的区别在于用途不同，
而且可以用色彩渲染，
其装饰效果更为丰富、华丽。
传统的碗架薰画，
是采用剪纸薰样法拷贝出的一种云帘式装饰图案。先用一张长方形的纸剪出图案，
然后用煤油打或桦树皮薰在麻纸上，
色气薰至浓黑时，
取下剪纸即成为黑白分明的云子花，
然后用品色按自己的审美需要进行点绘。
Rural households in Fuxian have relatively simple traditional home decor,
The bowl rack is the largest decoration,
Divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower,
The upper layer is decorated with clay pots and utensils, while the middle layer is decorated with clay pots and jars to hold rice and noodles,
Lower level drain tank and pickling jar.
Every festive occasion requires the creation of a brand new set of bowl rack paintings,
Commonly known as bowl rack cloud, it is used to arrange bowl racks to cover up.
The beautifying and decorative function of dust,
Stick paired flowers on both sides,
It adds color, is symmetrical, and looks good.
Xun Hua is formed based on the traditional bowl rack Yunzi,
It is a folk Paper Cuttings derivative art.
In the long-term life practice of the working women in Fuxian,
Created based on the aesthetic requirements of the artist,
It differs from Paper Cuttings in use,
And it can be rendered with color,
Its decorative effect is more diverse and magnificent.
Traditional bowl rack painting,
It is a cloud curtain decorative pattern copied by the Paper Cuttings fumigation method. First, cut out the pattern from a rectangular piece of paper,
Then, use kerosene or birch bark to fumigate on hemp paper,
When the color is smoked to a deep black,
Take down the Paper Cuttings, and it will become a clear cloud flower,
Then, point and draw the colors of the supplies according to one's aesthetic needs.
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技艺流程
Technical process
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准备材料：
通常需要纸、剪刀、木板、
煤油灯或其他熏烤工具、清水等。
制作步骤：
先进行剪纸创作，剪出所需图案；
将剪纸与白纸叠放在木板上，
用清水洒湿，使它们紧紧贴在一起，
并用湿毛巾挤出水分和水泡，
使其平实；接着用煤油灯等散发的烟熏，
熏时要移动木板或灯，
让黑色匀称合谐；
熏毕后放在避风处阴干，
最后轻轻揭下剪纸，
便现出黑底白花的画面，
也可根据需要在图画间隔处贴上彩色纸带或用颜色涂料绘制。
Preparation materials:
Usually requires paper, scissors, and wooden boards
Coal oil lamps or other smoking tools, water, etc.
Production steps:
First, create Paper Cuttings and cut out the required patterns;
Fold Paper Cuttings and white paper on the board.
Wet them with clean water and make them stick tightly together,
Squeeze out moisture and water bubbles with a wet towel,
Make it flat. Then, using the smoke emitted by kerosene lamps and other sources,
When smoking, move the wooden board or lamp,
Make black uniform and harmonious;
After smoking, place it in a sheltered place and let it dry in the shade,
Finally, gently remove the Paper Cuttings,
A black background with white flowers appeared,
You can also stick colored tape or use colored paint to draw at intervals as needed.
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文化内涵
Cultural connotation
民俗反映：
真实地反映了原生态的民风民俗、
历史事件和神话传说。
文化传承：
图案中蕴含着华夏民族古老意识的遗传基因密码，能让人们了解到历史上民风民俗、
衣食住行、婚育文化和吉祥文化等的演变过程，
是中国本土文化的“活化石”。
代表地区与传承人
富县熏画：
是陕西省延安市富县的特色工艺品，
起源于富县民间古老的装饰工艺品碗架云子，
是省级非物质文化遗产保护项目。
胶东熏画：
主要流传于平度、李沧等胶东半岛地区，
尤以平度大石桥村的熏画最具代表性。
Folk customs reflection:
Truly reflecting the original ecological customs and traditions
Historical events and mythological legends.
Cultural Inheritance:
The pattern contains the genetic code of the ancient consciousness of the Chinese nation, which can help people understand the folk customs and traditions in history.
The evolution process of clothing, food, housing, transportation, marriage and childbearing culture, and auspicious culture,
It is a living fossil of Chinese local culture.
Representative regions and inheritors
Fuxian smoked painting:
It is a characteristic handicraft of Fuxian County, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province,
Originating from the ancient folk decorative craft bowl rack Yunzi in Fuxian County,
It is a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage protection project.
Jiaodong smoked painting:
It is mainly spread in the Jiaodong Peninsula areas such as Pingdu and Licang,
The smoked paintings of Dashiqiao Village in Pingdu are particularly representative.
艺术特征
artistic features
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制作薰画用的剪样与一般性剪纸有所不同，
剪纸大多是单独纹样，
而薰画剪样必须构图饱满，
故事性强，不让留有大面积的空白，
见缝插针，添枝加叶，
留有花边，
这样不会在薰制后留有大块的黑色，
而且形与形之间有呼应变化，
有极强的装饰意味。
The cut patterns used for making incense paintings are different from ordinary Paper Cuttings,
Paper Cuttings are mostly a separate pattern,
The sample of Xun Hua must have a full composition,
Strong storytelling, without leaving large areas of blank space,
Seize every opportunity, add branches and leaves,
Leave some lace,
This way, there won't be large black spots left after fumigation,
And there are corresponding changes between shapes,
It has a strong decorative meaning.
薰画的色彩是按照她们在刺绣中的配色方法，
为了画面效果好，
使色彩不致单调，
利用色彩在画面上的小块分布与相邻
色的小面积穿插，
使色彩通过人的眼睛调合，
从而产生丰富多彩的效果。
有经验的作者常把颜色分出性格，
如红、紫、黑为硬色、黄绿、桃红是软色，
色彩搭配有“软靠硬、
色不楞”之口诀。
意是说软色和硬色相配更易和谐，
显得色彩艳而不媚铿锵有力。
传统薰画都强调年节吉祥喜庆红火热闹的气氛，
红色作为主调，黄色为辅，
绿紫色次之。画面色调稳定统一，
热烈激昂，再加上鱼戏莲花，
凤戏牡丹，麒麟送子，
老鼠吃葡萄等多种吉祥幸福的阐意。
The colors in Xun's paintings are based on the color matching methods they use in embroidery,
To achieve a good visual effect,
Make the colors less monotonous,
Using color to distribute small blocks and adjacent areas on the screen
Small areas of color interweave,
To blend colors through the human eye,
Thus producing a rich and colorful effect.
Experienced authors often differentiate colors into personalities,
Red, purple, and black are hard colors, while yellow-green and peach red are soft colors,
Color combinations include "soft against hard
The mnemonic of 'no color difference'.
It means that matching soft and hard colors makes it easier to achieve harmony,
Appearing colorful but not seductive and powerful.
Traditional Xun paintings emphasize the atmosphere of auspiciousness, celebration, and liveliness during festivals,
Red is the main tone, with yellow as a supplement,
Green and purple come second. The color tone of the screen is stable and uniform,
Passionate and passionate, coupled with fish playing with lotus flowers,
Feng plays with peonies, Qilin sends children,
The meaning of mice eating grapes and other auspicious and happy things.
薰画的古老制作工艺和独特民俗生活方式，
丰富内容和基本特征还有特殊的传承形式，
是其它地区不多见的，
发掘、抢救和保护富县薰画艺术，
不仅丰富和完善中国民间美术品种，
且对中国民俗文化的发展起到一定的推动作用。
发掘、抢救、保护富县薰画艺术，
对陕北地区乃至全国精神建设，
丰富人民群众的文化生活，
提高人民群众的素质，
促进人们全面发展构建和谐社会都将产生重要的作用。
The ancient production techniques and unique folk way of life of Xun painting,
Rich content and basic features, as well as special forms of inheritance,
It is rare in other regions,
Explore, rescue, and protect the art of Kaoru painting in Fuxian,
Not only does it enrich and improve the variety of Chinese folk art,
And it has played a certain role in promoting the development of Chinese folk culture.
Excavate, rescue, and protect the art of Kaoru painting in Fuxian County,
For the spiritual construction of the northern Shaanxi region and even the whole country,
Enrich the cultural life of the people,
Improve the quality of the people,
Promoting the comprehensive development of people and building a harmonious society will play an important role.
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